Swadha

Swadha Devi is an enricher of ‘Pitru Trupti’ and ‘Shraddhaas’. At the time of Srishti, Brahma created seven Pitaras

1. Kardama, 
2. Pulaha, 
3. Kulah, 
4. Bhrigu, 
5. Bharadwaja, 
6. Marichi and 
7. Angira and 

their descendants of whom

1. four were ‘Murtimaans’ (with Form) and 
2. three in the form of ‘Tejas’.

The daily duties of Brahmanas include 

1. Trikaala Sandhya, 
2. Shraaddha, 
3. Tarpana, 
4. Balivaishwa Deva, and 
5. Veda Pathana. 
6. Tarpanaanta Snaana, 
7. Shraddha paryanta Pujana and 
8. Trikaala Sandhyaanta 
9. Ahnika Karma are the duties as prescribed by ‘Shrutis’.

Brahma stipulated ‘Shraddha Vidhana’/ procedure including the material to be used etc. but the food oblations to Pitrus by Brahmanas never reached them properly and the Pitras complained to Brahma and as in the case of Swaha Devi, Mula Prakriti manifested from one of her Amshas another Devi Swadha like white Champaka with the features of 

1. Vidya, 
2. Guna, 
3. Buddhi and 
4. Shuddhi or Knowledge, Characteristics, Temperament and Purity respectively similar to Lakshmi Devi. 

Brahma declared Swadha Devi as the wife of Pitras, just as Swaha Devi in the case of Agni. In respect of ‘Vastu daana’and offerings to Devatas at Yagnas / Homas through Agni Deva, the Mantra suffix Swaha is to be recited, offerings to Pitras are to be suffixed with the Mantra viz. Swadhaana. Here again, offerings to Pitras by way of Tarpanas and Shraddhaas are invalid without the suffix Mantra viz. 

Swadhaana. Swadhaa Swadhaa Swadheytyevam Trisandhyam yah pathennarah, Priyaam vineetaam sa labhet Saddhvi putrah gunaanvitam, Pitruunaam Pranatulyaa twam Dwija jeevana rupini, Shradhhadhishthaatru Devi cha Shraddhaadeenaam phalapradaa/ (Those who recite the Sacred name of ‘Swadha, Swadha, Swadha’ at the time of Trikaala Sandhya would be bestowed with a loving and loyal wife as also well behaved children.) Devi! You are the ‘Prana Tulya’ to Pitaras and the ‘Jeevana Swarupa’ of Brahmanas, being the ‘Adhishthaatri’of ‘Shraaddhas’; it is through your kindness that Shraddhas and Tarpanas become successful. 

You provide 

1. ‘Tushti’ (satisfaction) to Pitras, 
2. Preeti (fulfilment) to Dwijas and 
3. ‘Abhivruddhi’ to ‘Grihastis’or house-holders). 

Maharshi Narayana further advised Sage Narada about the Mula Mantra of Swadha Devi viz. 

Om Hreem Shreem Kleem Swadhaa Devyai Swahaa. After invoking the Devi with the Mantra, Brahmanas perform Puja, Stuti and prostration to seek the blessings of Pitru Devas.

Source

Brahma-vaivarta Purana 

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